Expression of hsa_circ_PVT1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical significance / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To determine the expression and clinical significance of circ-PVT1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its effect on HCC cell proliferation.Methods The expressions of circ-PVT1 in hepatocellular carcinoma and the matched tumor-adjacent tissues were detected by RT-qPCR and the relationship between pathological indexes and the expression level was analyzed in 46 patients.The expressions of circ-PVT1 in human normal liver cell line (L02) and hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HepG2,SMMC-7721,MHCC-97H,MHCC-97L,HCC-LM3) were detected by RT-qPCR and were compared thereafter.With knocking down the expression of circ-PVT1,si-circPVT1 was transfected into HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells by using lipofectamine technique in vitro,with the si-NC being taken as negative control.After interfering the expression of circ-PVT1,the effect on the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells was detected by CCK-8 and EDU experiments and flow cytometry was conducted to observe the effect of circ-PVT1 on cell cycle.Results The expression level of circ-PVT1 was significantly higher in HCC tissues than in adjacent tissues (P＜0.01),and its high expression level was significantly correlated with tumor size,TNM stage and differentiation degree.Similarly,in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HepG2,SMMC-7721,MHCC-97H,MHCC-97L,HCC-LM3),the expression level of circ-PVT1 was also higher than that in human normal liver cell line L02 (P＜0.05).Compared with the negative control group,silencing of circ-PVT1 resulted in remarkable reduction in cell proliferation of HepG2 and SMMC-7721.Conclusion circ-PVT1 may act as a potential biomarker for HCC diagnosis and may become a novel proliferation factor.

Endostar combined with chemotherapy for treatment of metastatic colorectal and gastric cancer: a pilot study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Antiangiogenesis is a promising field of cancer therapy. Endostar, a novel recombinant human endostatin, is one of the few approved drugs acting as angiogenesis inhibitors of cancer in China. However, there are few clinical studies about Endostar in gastrointestinal cancer. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of Endostar and chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal and gastric cancers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2007 to October 2009, 23 patients were enrolled. Patients received Endostar intravenously at a dose of 15 mg daily from day 1 to 14 and day 1 to 7 when combined with 3- and 2-week chemotherapy regimens, respectively, which were determined according to patients' previous chemotherapy history. Treatment was repeated until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or patients' refusal.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seven, six and ten patients received Endostar as first-, second- and third-line therapy, respectively. A total of 75 cycles were administered. Twenty-one patients were assessable for responses. The overall response rate and disease control rate were 19.0% and 47.6%, respectively. All the four partial responses were among patients receiving Endostar as first-line therapy, whose response rate was 57.1%. The median time to progression and overall survival were 2.6 months (95%CI, 2.0 - 3.2 months) and 10.3 months (95%CI, 3.9 - 16.7 months), respectively. Toxicity was tolerable, with grade 3-4 toxicities observed for leucopenia (30.4%), neutropenia (34.8%), thrombocytopenia (17.4%) and anemia (13.0%). Three patients (13.0%) encountered transient sinus bradycardia with spontaneous remission.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Endostar combined with chemotherapy is well-tolerated in patients with metastatic colorectal and gastric cancers, and it is relatively effective as a first-line therapy.</p>

Clinical significance of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor in platinum-based chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>UNLABELLED</b>OBJECTIVE; To explore the influence of the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor(IGF-1R)in end-stage non-small cell lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The expression of IGF-1R was detected in 39 paraffin-embedded chemotherapy-naive non-small cell lung cancer tumor samples with immunohistochemical method,and the relationship between the outcomes of platinum-based chemotherapy and IGF-1R expression was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>IGF-1R expression was detected in 21 cases (53.8%). The IGF-1R expression status shown no correlation with tumor pathological status,tumor differentiation status,history of smoking,as well as smoking index. Better outcomes of platinum-based chemotherapy were observed in patients with negative IGF-1R expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>IGF-1R expression may be used to predict the effectiveness of the first-line platinum-based chemotherapy for end-stage non-small cell lung cancer.</p>

Treatment and prognosis of 77 cases of small cell lung cancer / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical treatment modality and prognosis of small cell lung cancer(SCLC).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 77 SCLC patients who were admitted to our department after 2002.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The disease was limited in 43 patients and extensive in 34 patients. For patients with limited SCLC, the 1-year, 2-year, and 5-year survival rate was 80%, 56%, and 21%, respectively. Four patients who had undergone surgical resection were all alive. Among patients who underwent adjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy, salvage chemotherapy, and salvage chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy, the median of survival period was 51 months, 12 months, and 28 months, respectively. For patients with extensive SCLC, the 1-year and 2-year survival rate was 56% and 25%, respectively. The median of survival period was 14.3 months. Stage was an independent factor in multifactor COX regression. Monofactor COX regression showed that radiotherapy and resection were factors correlated with survival. Brain metastasis had no impact on survival.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy is preferred for limited SCLC, while surgical resection remains questionable for early-stage patients. For extensive SCLC, multi-line chemotherapy may be helpful to improve the overall survival. Stage is an independent factor for predicting the prognosis.</p>

Clinical characteristics of gastric cancer in the elderly patients / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical manifestations,treatment,and prognosis of gastric cancer in the elderly patients.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A total of 252 patients with gastric cancer who admitted to the Oncology Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital were divided into elderly group (≥ 65 years) and non-elderly group (< 65 years) and the clinical characteristics of these two groups were analyzed and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The elderly accounted for 36.0% of all gastric cancer patients in our department. The proportion of male was significantly higher in elderly group than non-elderly group (male:female = 3.74:1, P=0.020). Abdominal satiety and pain were the most common symptoms,which were significantly lower in elderly group (43.3% vs. 61.7%, P=0.005). However,the frequency of weight loss was significantly higher in the elderly group (15.6% vs. 6.2%, P = 0.015). Significantly more elderly patients with gastric cancer were found the second tumors (12.2% vs. 2.5%, P=0.002). The most common tumor location was cardia (36.7%) in elderly group and antrum (34.6%) in non-elderly group. A small proportion (2.2%) of elderly patients had multi-original lesions, which was not found in non-elderly group. The overall rate of surgery and R0 resection rate were 77.8% and 70.9% respectively, which were similar in both groups. The overall rate of chemotherapy was 98%. The ratio was one third compared with younger patients who received three and more than three lines chemotherapy (3.3% vs. 9.3%), but did not reach statistical difference. More elderly patients chose FOLFOX / XELOX regimen (73.3%) compared with younger arm. The median survival time was 26.5 months in elderly group and 28.0 months in non-elderly group (P=0.835). Subgroup analysis showed that the median survival time of stage 4 gastric cancer was longer in elderly group than in non-elderly group (22.7 months and 16.1 months, respectively; P=0.057), which was marginally statistically significant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>More old men may get gastric cancer. More elderly patients may present with weight loss. Cardia is the most common tumor location. The ratio of multi-original lesions and secondary tumors is higher for elderly patients. Elderly patients with good performance status can receive surgery and chemotherapy safely. The resection rate is similar between elderly and non-elderly patients. Elderly patients receive more two-drug combination regimens. The overall prognoses are similar between elderly patients and non-elderly patients.</p>

Application of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in diagnosis of malignant diseases / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To testify the efficacy of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in the diagnosis of cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 170 patients with diagnosed cancer or suspicious cancer were enrolled in this study, and underwent 18F-FDG PET. The standard uptake value (SUV) and diameter for each abnormal region in PET images were analyzed. All data were analyzed by SPSS 11.5.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PET scan identified a primary cancer in 45.8% (11/24) patients. The sensitivity and specificity of PET scan in differentiating malignant lesions from benign ones were 78.8% (52/66) and 77.1% (27/35) respectively. Twenty-nine out of 68 (42.6%) lesions were detected earlier by PET than by computed tomography. The SUV of primary cancer was significantly higher than that of metastatic lymph nodes (5.84 +/- 3.12 vs. 3.14 +/- 2.24, P<0.001). And SUV of primary lung cancer was also significantly higher than that of metastatic lung cancer (6.30 +/- 3.01 vs. 2.86 +/- 2.37, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>18F-FDG PET plays a very important role in cancer diagnosis.</p>

Proliferation and anti-tumor activity of lymphocytes and their effect on normal phenotype of autologous bone marrow hematopoietic cells in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria / 中国实验血液学杂志

There is a hypothesis that paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) hematopoitic stem cells are resistant to the cytotoxic effect of T cells because they lack glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked proteins. The aim of this study is to investigate proliferation and anti-tumor activity of lymphocytes in patients with PNH, and also to assay the effect on normal cell (CD59(+)) phenotype in bone marrow of PNH patient by autologous lymphocytes in vitro. MTT assay for detection of lymphocytes proliferation and its anti-tumor effect was driven to delineate T cell reactive function. The CD34(-) and CD34(+) bone marrow cells (selected by means of immunomagnetic method) as well as unsorted marrow cells in PNH patients were cultured together with autologous CD59(+) or CD59(-) lymphocytes, their cultured supernatant, extrinsic IFN-gamma and IL-2 in a liquid culture system. CD59(+) cells were counted by flow cytometry after 10 day culture in vitro. The results showed that there were no differences in the proliferation ability of lymphocytes between each group: controls 1.42 +/- 0.46, unsorted PNH lymphocytes 1.40 +/- 0.35, CD59(-) 1.30 +/- 0.40, and CD59(+) PNH lymphocytes 1.40 +/- 0.42. Anti-tumor effect of lymphocytes declined in PNH patients when compared with control [(50.00 +/- 28.67)% vs. (76.13 +/- 10.15)%]. The proportion of CD59(+) cells diminished significantly after culture with autologous lymphocytes, their supernatant, extrinsic IFN-gamma or IL-2 (P < 0.01) in groups of unsorted, CD34(+) and CD34(-) bone marrow cells. No significant difference was found between groups of CD59(-) and CD59(+) lymphocytes, or CD34(-) and CD34(+) marrow cells. It is concluded that turbulences of immune regulations may be involved in pathogenesis of PNH.

Myelodysplastic syndrome with early presentation of refractory monolineage cytopenia-with report of 13 cases / 中国实验血液学杂志

To find the relationship between myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and refractory monolineage cytopenia, thirteen cases of MDS with early presentation of monolineage refractory cytopenia were analyzed retrospectively. The results were as follows: (1) The percentage of 13 cases with refractory monolineage cytopenia were 5.9% of the total 219 MDS patients in the past 10 years. (2) The median time of patients with monlineage cytopenia to M DS diagnosed was 48.5 +/- 55.3 months. The median times from monolineage cytopenia to MDS diagnosed for patients with neutropenia, erythrocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were 12.5 +/- 9.5 months, 53.8 +/- 54.6 months and 59.2 +/- 65.5 months, respectively. (3) The common characteristics of 13 cases were as follows: (a) the macrocytic erythrocytes in peripheral blood and the percentage of intermediate and late erythroblast in bone marrow were increased; (b) occasionally few cells with dysplasia could be found; (c) all patients with erythrocytopenia and thrombocytopenia transformed to RA and RAS while the most of patients with neutropenia transformed to RAEB subtype; (d) autoantibody could be found in part of the patients. It is concluded that some of refractory monolineage cytopenias in essence are the early states of MDS.